| 1. |
- Alodeh, M., et al.
(författare)
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Symbol-level and multicast precoding for multiuser multiantenna downlink : A state-of-the-art, classification, and challenges
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1553-877X. ; 20:3, s. 1733-1757
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precoding has been conventionally considered as an effective means of mitigating or exploiting the interference in the multiantenna downlink channel, where multiple users are simultaneously served with independent information over the same channel resources. The early works in this area were focused on transmitting an individual information stream to each user by constructing weighted linear combinations of symbol blocks (codewords). However, more recent works have moved beyond this traditional view by: 1) transmitting distinct data streams to groups of users and 2) applying precoding on a symbol-per-symbol basis. In this context, the current survey presents a unified view and classification of precoding techniques with respect to two main axes: 1) the switching rate of the precoding weights, leading to the classes of block-level and symbol-level precoding and 2) the number of users that each stream is addressed to, hence unicast, multicast, and broadcast precoding. Furthermore, the classified techniques are compared through representative numerical results to demonstrate their relative performance and uncover fundamental insights. Finally, a list of open theoretical problems and practical challenges are presented to inspire further research in this area1.1The concepts of precoding and beamforming are used interchangeably throughout this paper.
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| 2. |
- Lei, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Load Coupling and Energy Optimization in Multi-Cell and Multi-Carrier NOMA Networks
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 68:11, s. 11323-11337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we investigate energy optimization in multi-cell and multi-carrier non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. We apply a load-coupling model for NOMA networks to capture the coupling relation of mutual interference among cells. With this analytical tool, we formulate an energy minimization problem in a NOMA-based load-coupled system, where optimizing load-rate-power allocation, and determining decoding order and user grouping are the key aspects. Theoretically, we prove that the minimum consumed energy can be achieved by using all the time-frequency resources in each cell to deliver users' demand, and allowing all the users to share resource units. From a practical perspective, we consider three types of NOMA grouping schemes, i.e., all-user grouping, partitioned and non-partitioned grouping. We develop tailored solutions for each grouping scheme to enable efficient load-rate-power optimization. These three algorithmic components are embedded into a power-adjustment framework to provide energy-efficient solutions for NOMA networks. Numerical results demonstrate promising energy-saving gains of NOMA over orthogonal multiple access in large-scale cellular networks, in particular for high-demand and resource-limited scenarios. The results also show fast convergence of the proposed algorithms and demonstrate the effectiveness of the solutions.
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| 3. |
- Mowlér, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Joint estimation of mutual coupling, element factor, and phase center in antenna arrays
- 2007
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Ingår i: EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1687-1472 .- 1687-1499. ; 2007:1, s. 030684-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel method is proposed for estimation of the mutual coupling matrix of an antenna array. The method extends previous work by incorporating an unknown phase center and the element factor (antenna radiation pattern) in the model, and treating them as nuisance parameters during the estimation of coupling. To facilitate this, a parametrization of the element factor based on a truncated Fourier series is proposed. The performance of the proposed estimator is illustrated and compared to other methods using data from simulations and measurements, respectively. The Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the estimation problem is derived and used to analyze how the required amount of measurement data increases when introducing additional degrees of freedom in the element factor model. We find that the penalty in SNR is 2.5 dB when introducing a model with two degrees of freedom relative to having zero degrees of freedom. Finally, the tradeoff between the number of degrees of freedom and the accuracy of the estimate is studied. A linear array is treated in more detail and the analysis provides a specific design tradeoff.
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| 4. |
- Naghsh, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Efficient Sum-Rate Maximization for Medium-Scale MIMO AF-Relay Networks
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1536-1276 .- 1558-2248. ; 15:9, s. 6400-6411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the problem of sum-rate maximization in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) amplify-and-forward relay networks with multi-operator. The aim is to design the MIMO relay amplification matrix (i.e., the relay beamformer) to maximize the achievable communication sum rate through the relay. The design problem for the case of single-antenna users can be cast as a non-convex optimization problem, which, in general, belongs to a class of NP-hard problems. We devise a method based on the minorization-maximization technique to obtain quality solutions to the problem. Each iteration of the proposed method consists of solving a strictly convex unconstrained quadratic program. This task can be done quite efficiently, such that the suggested algorithm can handle the beamformer design for relays with up to similar to 70 antennas within a few minutes on an ordinary personal computer. Such a performance lays the ground for the proposed method to be employed in medium-scale (or lower regime massive) MIMO scenarios.
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| 5. |
- Ottersten, Björn, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Subspace Fitting and ML Techniques for Parameter Estimation from Sensor Array Data
- 1992
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1053-587X .- 1941-0476. ; 40:3, s. 590-600
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is shown that the multidimensional signal subspace method, termed weighted subspace fitting (WSF), is asymptotically efficient. This results in a novel, compact matrix expression for the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on the estimation error variance. The asymptotic analysis of the maximum likelihood (ML) and WSF methods is extended to deterministic emitter signals. The asymptotic properties of the estimates for this case are shown to be identical to the Gaussian emitter signal case, i.e. independent of the actual signal waveforms. Conclusions concerning the modeling aspect of the sensor array problem are drawn.
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| 6. |
- Ottersten, Björn, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Direction-of-Arrival Estimation for Wideband Signals using the ESPRIT Algorithm
- 1990
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. - : IEEE Signal Processing Society. - 0096-3518. ; 38:2, s. 317-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel direction-of-arrival estimation algorithm is proposed that applies to wideband emitter signals. A sensor array with a translation invariance structure is assumed, and an extension of the ESPRIT algorithm for narrowband emitter signals is obtained. The emitter signals are modeled as the stationary output of a finite-dimensional linear system driven by white noise. The array response to a unit impulse from a given direction is represented as the impulse response of a linear system. The measured data from the sensor array can then be seen as the output of a multidimensional linear system driven by white noise sources and corrupted by additive noise. The emitter signals and the array output are characterized by the modes of the linear system. The ESPRIT algorithm is applied at the poles of the system, the power of the signals sharing the pole is captured, and the effect of noise is reduced. The algorithm requires no knowledge, storage, or search of the array manifold, as opposed to wideband extensions of the MUSIC algorithm. This results in a computationally efficient algorithm that is insensitive to array perturbations. Simulations are presented comparing the wideband and ESPRIT algorithm to the modal signal subspace method and the coherent signal subspace method.
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| 7. |
- Ottersten, Björn, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Analysis of the Total Least Squares ESPRIT Algorithm
- 1991
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1053-587X .- 1941-0476. ; 39:5, s. 1122-1135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The asymptotic distribution of the estimation error for the total least squares (TLS) version of ESPRIT is derived. The application to a uniform linear array is treated in some detail, and a generalization of ESPRIT to include row weighting is discussed. The Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the ESPRIT problem formulation is derived and found to coincide with the asymptotic variance of the TLS ESPRIT estimates through numerical examples. A comparison of this method to least squares ESPRIT, MUSIC, and Root-MUSIC as well as to the CRB for a calibrated array is also presented. TLS ESPRIT is found to be competitive with the other methods, and the performance is close to the calibrated CRB for many cases of practical interest. For highly correlated signals, however, the performance deviates significantly from the calibrated CRB. Simulations are included to illustrate the applicability of the theoretical results to a finite number of data.
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| 8. |
- Stoica, Petre, et al.
(författare)
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Comments on "Min-Norm interpretations and consistency of MUSIC, MODE, and ML"
- 1998
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1053-587X .- 1941-0476. ; 46:8, s. 2262-2263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results and interpretations obtained in the above referred paper are shown to be well known or obvious. Additionally, corrections to some misleading statements in the aforementioned paper are presented.
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| 9. |
- Stoica, Petre, et al.
(författare)
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Instrumental Variable Approach to Array Processing in Spatially Correlated Noise Fields
- 1994
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1053-587X .- 1941-0476. ; 42:1, s. 121-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-performance signal parameter estimation from sensor array data is a problem which has received much attention. A number of so-called eigenvector (EV) techniques such as MUSIC, ESPRIT, WSF, and MODE have been proposedin the literature. The EV techniques for array processing require knowledge of the spatial noise correlation matrix that constitutes a significant drawback. A novel instrumental variable (IV) approach to the sensor array problem is proposed. The IV technique relies on the same basic geometric properties as the EV methods to obtain parameter estimates. However, by exploiting the temporal correlation of the source signals, no knowledge of the spatial noisecovariance is required. The asymptotic properties of the IV estimator are examined and an optimal IV method is derived. Computer simulations are presented to study the properties of the IV estimators in samples of practical length. The proposed algorithm is also shown to perform better than MUSIC on a full-scale passive sonar experiment
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| 10. |
- Swindlehurst, A. Lee, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple Invariance ESPRIT
- 1992
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1053-587X .- 1941-0476. ; 40:4, s. 867-881
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A subspace-fitting formulation of the ESPRIT problem is presented that provides a framework for extending the algorithm to exploit arrays with multiple invariances. In particular, a multiple invariance (MI) ESPRIT algorithm is developed and the asymptotic distribution of the estimates is obtained. Simulations are conducted to verify the analysis and to compare the performance of MI ESPRIT with that of several other approaches. The excellent quality of the MI ESPRIT estimates is explained by recent results which state that, under certain conditions, subspace-fitting methods of this type are asymptotically efficient.
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